Mehira Education ←Haryana GK Chapter 2 · Three Battles of Panipat 🔥 1 din ⚡ 0 XP Lv 1 0%
Mehira Education logoMEHIRA EDUCATIONSeekho · Samjho · Aage Badho Haryana GK · Chapter 02 · FREE

Three Battles of Panipat

Ek hi maidan, teen ladaiyan — 1526, 1556, 1761 — jinhone India ki history badal di. Map par battle chuno aur dekho kya kahan hua.

⏱ 18 min🧪 3 labs🃏 20 cards✍️ 14 MCQs⚡ +230 XP
Shuru karo →Seedha Quiz
Battle Map · 7 sites
1526 · 1556 · 1761

Kabuli Bagh · Hemu Samadhi · Kala Amb · Rewari

✓

Notes padho

Saare 7 lessons dekho

+30
✓

3 labs chalao

Timeline, battle sorter, kaun kya tha

+30
✓

Flashcards

15 yaad ya saare 20 dekho

+40
✓

Quiz 10+/14

Poora quiz, 10 sahi

+80
✓

Chapter complete

Neeche button dabao

+50
01 — NOTES

Poore notes, ek-ek karke

7 chhote lessons aur labs — padho, phir khud khel ke pakka karo.

00

Introduction — Panipat "battles ka city" kyun?

Panipat India ki history ka sabse famous battlefield hai — yahan teen decisive battles hui: 1526, 1556 aur 1761. Ye topic Haryana GK ke saath General History mein bhi aata hai — matlab double faayda. CET Group D mein is topic se lagbhag har baar question aata hai.

Exam mostly 4 cheezein poochhta hai: kaun kis se lada, kaun jeeta, kaunse saal / date, aur result kya nikla. Pehle neeche wale slider se poori kahani dekh lo.

Lab 1

Time machine — slider kheencho

1526 → 1761

01

Panipat hi kyun?

  • Panipat Delhi ke bilkul paas hai (approx. 90 km north) aur Grand Trunk (GT) Road par padta hai — North-West se aane wali har army ka raasta yahin se guzarta tha.
  • Zameen flat plain hai — badi armies, cavalry (ghudsawar) aur cannons ke liye perfect maidan.
  • Panipat ka purana naam Panduprastha tha — Mahabharata ke 5 prasthas (villages) mein se ek.
02

First Battle of Panipat — 21 April 1526 ★ exam favourite

  • Babur (Kabul ka Timurid ruler) vs Ibrahim Lodi (Delhi Sultanate ka aakhri Sultan).
  • Babur ke paas approx. 12,000 soldiers; Ibrahim Lodi ke paas approx. 1 lakh soldiers aur 1000 elephants. Phir bhi Babur jeeta — kyunki uske paas tha naya weapon: cannon (top)!
  • India mein pehli baar bade level par gunpowder aur artillery ka use hua. Babur ke do famous gunners: Ustad Ali Quli aur Mustafa.
  • Tactics: Tulughma (army ko divisions mein baant kar dushman ko gherna) + Araba (bail-gaadiyon ki wall ke peeche cannons).
  • Result: Ibrahim Lodi maidan mein mara gaya — wo akela Delhi Sultan hai jo battlefield mein mara. Delhi Sultanate khatam, Mughal Empire ki neenv padi.
  • Jeet ki yaad mein Babur ne Panipat mein Kabuli Bagh Masjid banwayi. Babur ki autobiography "Baburnama" (Tuzuk-i-Baburi) Turki language mein hai.
Kabuli Bagh Masjid, Panipat
Kabuli Bagh Masjid, Panipat — 1526 ki jeet ki yaad mein
03

Second Battle of Panipat — 5 November 1556 ★ Haryana connection

  • Akbar (sirf 13–14 saal ka; guardian aur commander Bairam Khan) vs Hemu (Hem Chandra Vikramaditya).
  • Hemu kaun tha? Adil Shah Suri ka Hindu wazir aur commander. Lagatar 22 battles jeeti thi aur Delhi jeet kar "Vikramaditya" title ke saath khud ko raja declare kiya.
  • Haryana connection: Hemu ka bachpan Rewari mein beeta — isliye Haryana GK mein Hemu par question aata hai!
  • Battle mein Hemu jeet hi raha tha, tabhi ek teer (arrow) uski aankh mein laga. Behosh Hemu ko pakad kar maar diya gaya.
  • Result: Mughals (Akbar) jeete — North India mein Mughal rule dobara pakka hua; Sur dynasty ki wapsi ki umeed khatam.
Hemu (Hem Chandra Vikramaditya)
Hemu — Rewari se juda yodha
04

Third Battle of Panipat — 14 January 1761 ★

  • Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani) — Afghanistan ka ruler vs Marathas — commander Sadashivrao Bhau, saath mein Peshwa ka beta Vishwasrao.
  • Date: 14 January 1761 — Makar Sankranti ke din! Ye exam mein poochha ja chuka hai.
  • Maratha artillery chief: Ibrahim Khan Gardi. Abdali ke Indian allies: Najib-ud-Daula (Rohilla) aur Shuja-ud-Daula (Awadh ka Nawab).
  • Bhayankar ladai — Vishwasrao aur Bhau dono maare gaye. Peshwa ko bheja gaya coded message: "Do moti pighal gaye…" (two pearls have been dissolved).
  • Result: Maratha power ko zabardast jhatka; North India mein power vacuum bana — jiska faayda aage British (East India Company) ne uthaya.
  • Memorial: "Kala Amb" (Panipat) — kehte hain aam ke ped ke neeche itna khoon baha ki wo kala pad gaya.
Kala Amb memorial, Panipat
Kala Amb, Panipat — Third Battle ka memorial
05

Teeno battles — ek table mein 🔥 revision

1st (1526)2nd (1556)3rd (1761)
Date21 April5 November14 January (Makar Sankranti)
Kiske beechBabur vs Ibrahim LodiAkbar (Bairam Khan) vs HemuAbdali vs Marathas (Sadashivrao Bhau)
WinnerBaburAkbarAbdali
Khaas baatCannons, TulughmaHemu ki aankh mein teer"Do moti", Kala Amb
ResultSultanate khatam, Mughal shuruMughal rule pakkaMaratha power tooti, British ka raasta
📌 Ek line ka gyaanTeeno baar pattern same — North-West se aaya attacker jeeta: 1526 mein Mughal aaye, 1556 mein pakke hue, 1761 mein Marathon ke girne se British ka raasta khula.
Lab 2

Kaun kis battle se juda? Sort karo

12 items · 3 battles
1526 Babur
1556 Akbar
1761 Abdali

Upar se koi naam chuno, phir sahi battle par tap karo.

06

Kaun kya tha? — log aur unke role

NaamRoleBattle
Ustad Ali Quli, MustafaBabur ke gunners1526
Bairam KhanAkbar ka guardian aur commander1556
HemuAdil Shah Suri ka wazir, "Vikramaditya"1556
Sadashivrao BhauMaratha commander-in-chief1761
VishwasraoPeshwa ka beta1761
Ibrahim Khan GardiMaratha artillery chief1761
Najib-ud-Daula / Shuja-ud-DaulaAbdali ke saathi (Rohilla / Awadh)1761
Lab 3

Pehchaano — ye kaun tha?

10 rounds
02 — EXAM

Exam mein kya poochha jata hai

CET mein isi chapter se yahi patterns aate hain.

TYPE 1
"Kaun kis se lada?"

1526 Babur–Ibrahim Lodi · 1556 Akbar–Hemu · 1761 Abdali–Marathas. Sabse common question.

TYPE 2
"Date kya thi?"

21 April 1526 · 5 November 1556 · 14 January 1761 (Makar Sankranti). Options mein dates mix karke dete hain.

TYPE 3
"Commander / gunner kaun?"

Ustad Ali Quli & Mustafa (Babur) · Bairam Khan (Akbar) · Sadashivrao Bhau & Ibrahim Khan Gardi (Marathas).

TYPE 4
"Memorial / monument?"

Kabuli Bagh Masjid = 1526 · Kala Amb = 1761. Hemu ka Haryana link = Rewari.

TYPE 5
"Result kya hua?"

1526 = Delhi Sultanate ka ant, Mughal Empire shuru · 1556 = Mughal rule pakka · 1761 = Maratha power ka decline, British ko faayda.

03 — TRICKS

Yaad rakhne ki desi tricks

Ratta nahi — connect karke yaad karo.

TRICK 1 · KAUN KIS SE
BI – AH – AM

Babur–Ibrahim (1526) → Akbar–Hemu (1556) → Abdali–Marathas (1761). Bolo: "BHAI AH! AM khaale" 😄

TRICK 2 · YEARS
26 → 56 → 61

1526 + 30 saal = 1556. Phir "chhabbis, chhappan, iksath" rhythm mein bolo — kabhi nahi bhoologe.

TRICK 3 · WINNERS
B–A–A jeete, IHM haare

Winners: Babur, Akbar, Abdali. Losers: Ibrahim, Hemu, Marathas = "Inhe Haar Mili".

TRICK 4 · SEASONS
April → November → January

1st = April (garmi shuru), 2nd = November (sardi shuru), 3rd = 14 January = Makar Sankranti (patang wala din).

TRICK 5 · "DO MOTI"
2 moti = Vishwasrao + Bhau

Dono 1761 mein maare gaye — Peshwa ko coded message "do moti pighal gaye". Moti = Marathon ke do heere.

04 — COMMON MISTAKES

Yahan marks katte hain

Har card par galat baat likhi hai. Tap karke sach dekho.

✗ GALAT

"1761 mein Marathas Nadir Shah se lade."

tap karo →
✓ SAHI

Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani) se. Nadir Shah ne 1739 mein Delhi loota tha — alag ghatna.

✗ GALAT

"5 November First Battle ki date hai."

tap karo →
✓ SAHI

5 November = 1556 (2nd). First battle = 21 April 1526.

✗ GALAT

"Ibrahim Khan Gardi Abdali ki taraf tha."

tap karo →
✓ SAHI

Gardi = Maratha artillery chief. Abdali ke saath Najib-ud-Daula aur Shuja-ud-Daula the.

✗ GALAT

"1556 mein Akbar ne khud army lead ki."

tap karo →
✓ SAHI

Akbar sirf 13–14 saal ka tha — army Bairam Khan ne lead ki.

✗ GALAT

"Kala Amb pehli ladai ka memorial hai."

tap karo →
✓ SAHI

Kala Amb = Third Battle (1761). 1526 ki nishani = Kabuli Bagh Masjid.

05 — FLASHCARDS

20 cards, 3D deck

Card par tap karke palto. Next → se agla card, ← Previous se pichhla. Yaad ho gaya to "Yaad hai" dabao — wo card deck se hat jayega. Keyboard: ← → , space (palto), Enter (yaad hai).

06 — REVISION

2-minute revision

Exam se pehle bas ye list. Kuch bhi search karo — "1556", "Gardi", "Kala Amb"…

1st Battle — date & winner21 April 1526 — Babur
2nd Battle — date & winner5 November 1556 — Akbar
3rd Battle — date & winner14 January 1761 — Abdali
Babur ke gunnersUstad Ali Quli & Mustafa
Babur ki tacticsTulughma & Araba
BaburnamaTurki language (Tuzuk-i-Baburi)
1526 ki nishaniKabuli Bagh Masjid
Battlefield mein mara SultanIbrahim Lodi
HemuHem Chandra Vikramaditya · bachpan Rewari
Akbar ka guardian (1556)Bairam Khan
Maratha commander (1761)Sadashivrao Bhau (+ Vishwasrao)
Maratha artillery chiefIbrahim Khan Gardi
Abdali ke saathiNajib-ud-Daula, Shuja-ud-Daula
3rd battle ka dinMakar Sankranti
3rd battle memorialKala Amb (Panipat)
Panipat ka purana naamPanduprastha
07 — QUIZ

Practice MCQs — game mode

14 exam-style questions (PYQ wale tagged hain), ek-ek karke — koi question nahi aata to Skip karke aage badho. Har sahi answer +5 XP, lagatar sahi par combo. 10+ laao aur quiz mission complete karo.

08 — SUMMARY

Poora chapter, ek paragraph mein

Panipat (purana naam Panduprastha) Delhi ke paas GT Road par hai — isliye teen decisive battles yahin hui. 1526 (21 April): Babur ne Ibrahim Lodi ko haraya — pehli baar cannons ka bada use (Ustad Ali Quli, Mustafa), Tulughma tactic, Delhi Sultanate khatam, Mughal Empire shuru; nishani Kabuli Bagh Masjid. 1556 (5 November): Akbar (Bairam Khan) ne Hemu ko haraya — Rewari se jude Hemu ki aankh mein teer laga; Mughal rule pakka hua. 1761 (14 January, Makar Sankranti): Ahmad Shah Abdali ne Marathas ko haraya — Sadashivrao Bhau aur Vishwasrao maare gaye ("do moti pighal gaye"); memorial Kala Amb. Pattern simple: teeno baar bahar se aaya attacker jeeta — aur aakhri baar British ke liye raasta khul gaya.

Chapter khatam?

Complete mark karo — course hub par progress dikhegi aur +50 XP milenge.