Dosto, is chapter mein do topics hain jo asal mein ek hi soch par chalte hain:
Analogy (Samanata): "Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?" — pehli jodi ka rishta pehchano, wahi rishta doosri jodi par lagao.
Classification (Vargikaran / Odd One Out): "Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango — bemel kaun?" — teen mein jo common baat hai wo dhundo, jo us baat ko tode wahi answer.
Dono mein kaam ek hi hai — rishta ya common gun pehchanna. CET Group D mein in dono se milake 2–3 questions aate hain, aur ye bina calculation ke marks hain. Chalo! 💪
1. ⭐ Analogy ka Golden Rule — "Sentence banao"
⭐ Pehli jodi ka rishta ek CHHOTE VAKYA mein likho
Doctor : Hospital → "Doctor hospital mein kaam karta hai"
Ab wahi vakya doosri jodi par: "Teacher ___ mein kaam karta hai" → School ✓
Vakya jitna saaf hoga, answer utna pakka. Agar do options fit ho rahe hain to vakya ko aur specific banao.
Ab wahi vakya doosri jodi par: "Teacher ___ mein kaam karta hai" → School ✓
Vakya jitna saaf hoga, answer utna pakka. Agar do options fit ho rahe hain to vakya ko aur specific banao.
2. Rishton ke 10 Common Types (exam mein yahi aate hain)
| Rishta | Example |
|---|---|
| Kaam karne wala : Jagah | Doctor : Hospital · Pilot : Aeroplane |
| Auzaar : Kaam | Pen : Write · Knife : Cut |
| Jaanwar : Bachcha | Cow : Calf · Dog : Puppy · Cat : Kitten |
| Jaanwar : Ghar | Bee : Hive · Bird : Nest · Horse : Stable |
| Desh : Rajdhani | Japan : Tokyo · India : New Delhi |
| Hissa : Poora (part-whole) | Wheel : Car · Page : Book · Petal : Flower |
| Yantra : Jo naapta hai | Thermometer : Temperature · Barometer : Pressure |
| Kaaran : Parinaam | Hard work : Success · Virus : Disease |
| Paryayvachi / Vilom | Big : Large · Hot : Cold |
| Cheez : Jahan se milti hai | Milk : Cow · Wool : Sheep · Oil : Seed |
3. Number Analogy (numbers ka rishta)
✏️ Solved Examples
5 : 25 :: 7 : ? → rishta = square (5² = 25) → 7² = 49 ✓
2 : 8 :: 4 : ? → rishta = cube (2³ = 8) → 4³ = 64 ✓
Rishte kya-kya ho sakte hain: square, cube, ×2, +5, "agla prime", "ulta karke likhna" (12 : 21).
2 : 8 :: 4 : ? → rishta = cube (2³ = 8) → 4³ = 64 ✓
Rishte kya-kya ho sakte hain: square, cube, ×2, +5, "agla prime", "ulta karke likhna" (12 : 21).
📌 Number analogy mein sabse pehle ye 4 check karo
① Square/cube · ② Multiply/divide · ③ Add/subtract · ④ Digits ka khel (ulta karna, jodna)
4. Letter Analogy (Chapter 2 ka istemal)
✏️ Solved Examples
AB : CD :: EF : ? → dono letters +2 → E+2 = G, F+2 = H → GH ✓
ACE : BDF :: MOQ : ? → har letter +1 → M+1 = N, O+1 = P, Q+1 = R → NPR ✓
Tarika: letters ko numbers likho (Ch 2 wala kaam), antar nikalo, phir wahi antar doosri jodi par lagao.
ACE : BDF :: MOQ : ? → har letter +1 → M+1 = N, O+1 = P, Q+1 = R → NPR ✓
Tarika: letters ko numbers likho (Ch 2 wala kaam), antar nikalo, phir wahi antar doosri jodi par lagao.
5. CLASSIFICATION (Odd One Out) — 3 se milaao, 1 alag
⭐ Ulta soch: "3 mein common kya hai?"
Bemel dhundne ki koshish mat karo — pehle dekho teen cheezein kis baat par ek jaisi hain. Jo us baat ko tode, wahi answer.
Example: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango → teen fal (fruit) hain, Carrot sabzi hai → answer Carrot ✓
Example: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango → teen fal (fruit) hain, Carrot sabzi hai → answer Carrot ✓
| Group ka type | Kya check karein | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Words | Category (fal/sabzi, dhatu/adhatu, jaanwar/pakshi) | Copper, Iron, Silver, Diamond (dhatu nahi) |
| Numbers | Prime? Square? Cube? Kisi se divide? | 121, 144, 169, 175 (square nahi) |
| Letter groups | Letters ke beech ka gap | BD, FH, JL, MP (gap 3, baaki 2) |
| Mixed | Pehle category, phir ginti/gap | 13, 17, 19, 21 (prime nahi) |
6. Letter-group Classification kaise karein
✏️ Solved Example — BD, FH, JL, MP mein bemel?
Step 1: Har jodi ka gap nikalo (positions se): B(2)–D(4) = 2, F(6)–H(8) = 2, J(10)–L(12) = 2
Step 2: M(13)–P(16) = 3 — ye alag hai
Step 3: Answer = MP ✓ (Ch 2 ki alphabet positions yahan seedha kaam aayi!)
Step 2: M(13)–P(16) = 3 — ye alag hai
Step 3: Answer = MP ✓ (Ch 2 ki alphabet positions yahan seedha kaam aayi!)
✏️ Type 1 — Word analogy (A : B :: C : ?)
Rishta vakya mein likho, phir options par lagao. Do options fit hon to vakya aur specific karo — jaise "Pilot : Aeroplane" mein "chalata hai" (na ki "usme baithta hai").
✏️ Type 2 — Number analogy
Square/cube pehle check karo (sabse common), phir ×/÷, phir +/−. 5 : 25 → square. 2 : 8 → cube.
✏️ Type 3 — Letter analogy
Letters ko numbers banao, antar nikalo. AB : CD (+2) → EF : GH. Agar har letter alag-alag shift ho raha ho to har position ka antar alag likho.
✏️ Type 4 — Odd one out (words)
"Teen mein common kya" dhundo. Dhyan: kabhi-kabhi do-do cheezein milti hain (jaise 2 fal + 2 sabzi lagein) — tab aur gehri baat dhundo (jaise "ped par lagta hai" vs "zameen ke neeche").
✏️ Type 5 — Odd one out (numbers/letters)
Numbers: prime, square, cube, ya "kisi ek number se divide" check karo. Letter groups: gap nikalo. Ye do check 90% sawal solve kar dete hain.
Trick 1: Rishte ko vakya banao
"X apne Y mein/se ___ karta hai"
Dimaag mein mat socho — bol ke dekho. "Pen se likhte hain" → "Knife se ___ hain" → cut. 5 second ka kaam.
"X apne Y mein/se ___ karta hai"
Dimaag mein mat socho — bol ke dekho. "Pen se likhte hain" → "Knife se ___ hain" → cut. 5 second ka kaam.
Trick 2: Do option fit ho rahe hain? Vakya specific karo
Aam rishta → khaas rishta
"Cow : Milk" mein "deti hai" se Hen:Egg bhi fit lagta hai. Aur specific karo — "peene wali cheez deti hai" → sirf ek option bachega.
Aam rishta → khaas rishta
"Cow : Milk" mein "deti hai" se Hen:Egg bhi fit lagta hai. Aur specific karo — "peene wali cheez deti hai" → sirf ek option bachega.
Trick 3: Classification mein ULTA socho
Bemel nahi — "teen mein common" dhundo
Bemel seedha dhundne mein confusion hoti hai. Teen ka common gun mil gaya to chautha apne aap alag dikhega.
Bemel nahi — "teen mein common" dhundo
Bemel seedha dhundne mein confusion hoti hai. Teen ka common gun mil gaya to chautha apne aap alag dikhega.
Trick 4: Numbers dikhein to teen check
Prime? · Square? · Cube?
121, 144, 169, 175 → teen square hain. 13, 17, 19, 21 → teen prime hain. Bas yahi do check 80% number-classification solve karte hain.
Prime? · Square? · Cube?
121, 144, 169, 175 → teen square hain. 13, 17, 19, 21 → teen prime hain. Bas yahi do check 80% number-classification solve karte hain.
Trick 5: Letter groups mein gap likho
BD → gap 2 · MP → gap 3
Har group ke letters ka antar likh do (Ch 2 ki positions se). Jo gap alag, wahi bemel.
BD → gap 2 · MP → gap 3
Har group ke letters ka antar likh do (Ch 2 ki positions se). Jo gap alag, wahi bemel.
❌ Galti 1: Rishte ki DISHA (order) palat dena
"Cow : Calf" ka matlab bada : bachcha hai. To "Dog : ?" mein answer Puppy hai. Agar option mein "Puppy : Dog" wala ulta rishta ho to wo galat hai — order wahi rakho.
❌ Galti 2: Bahut aam (general) rishta banana
"Doctor : Hospital" ka rishta "dono medical se jude hain" mat socho — isse kai options fit ho jayenge. Kaam karne ki jagah — itna specific socho.
❌ Galti 3: Classification mein pehli hi baat par ruk jana
Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango — agar "sab khane ki cheez hain" par ruk gaye to answer nahi milega. Aur gehra jao: fal vs sabzi.
❌ Galti 4: Number analogy mein sirf jod-ghatav dekhna
5 : 25 mein "+20" bhi lagta hai, par 7 ke saath fit nahi baithta. Pehle square/cube check karo — wo zyada common rishta hai.
❌ Galti 5: Letter group mein sirf pehla letter dekhna
BD, FH, JL, MP mein pehle letters B, F, J, M ka pattern bhi tootta hai — par asli fark andar ke gap ka hai. Dono check karo, par gap zyada bharosemand hota hai.
Analogy ka golden rule?tap 👆
Rishte ko vakya (sentence) mein likho
Classification mein kya dhundein?tap 👆
Teen mein common baat (bemel nahi)
Cow : Calf :: Dog : ?tap 👆
Puppy (bada : bachcha)
Pen : Write :: Knife : ?tap 👆
Cut (auzaar : kaam)
Bee : Hive :: Bird : ?tap 👆
Nest (jaanwar : ghar)
Thermometer : Temperature :: Barometer : ?tap 👆
Pressure (yantra : jo naapta hai)
Japan : Tokyo :: Australia : ?tap 👆
Canberra (Sydney nahi — rajdhani chahiye!)
5 : 25 :: 7 : ?tap 👆
49 (square)
2 : 8 :: 4 : ?tap 👆
64 (cube)
AB : CD :: EF : ?tap 👆
GH (+2)
ACE : BDF :: MOQ : ?tap 👆
NPR (har letter +1)
Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango → bemel?tap 👆
Carrot (sabzi, baaki fal)
121, 144, 169, 175 → bemel?tap 👆
175 (baaki 11², 12², 13²)
BD, FH, JL, MP → bemel?tap 👆
MP (gap 3, baaki gap 2)
13, 17, 19, 21 → bemel?tap 👆
21 = 3×7 (baaki prime)
Copper, Iron, Silver, Diamond → bemel?tap 👆
Diamond (dhatu nahi hai)
Number analogy mein pehla check?tap 👆
Square / Cube
Do options fit ho rahe hain to?tap 👆
Rishte ka vakya aur specific karo
| Cheez | Rule / Example |
|---|---|
| Analogy ka tarika | Rishta vakya mein likho |
| Classification ka tarika | Teen ka common gun dhundo |
| Kaam wala : Jagah | Doctor : Hospital |
| Auzaar : Kaam | Pen : Write |
| Jaanwar : Bachcha / Ghar | Cow : Calf · Bird : Nest |
| Yantra : Naap | Barometer : Pressure |
| Number analogy checks | Square → cube → ×/÷ → +/− |
| Letter analogy | Letters → numbers → antar |
| Number classification | Prime? Square? Cube? |
| Letter classification | Gap nikalo |
| Rishte ki disha | Order kabhi mat palto |
| Do option fit? | Rishta specific karo |
Practice (exam-style)
Q1. Pilot : Aeroplane :: Driver : ?
💡 Pilot aeroplane chalata hai → driver car chalata hai (road par chalta hai, par chalata car hai).
Practice (exam-style)
Q2. Cow : Calf :: Dog : ?
💡 Bada : bachcha ka rishta → dog ka bachcha puppy (kitten = billi, cub = sher, foal = ghoda).
Practice (exam-style)
Q3. Pen : Write :: Knife : ?
💡 Auzaar : uska kaam → pen se likhte hain, knife se kaatte hain.
Practice (exam-style)
Q4. Japan : Tokyo :: Australia : ?
💡 Desh : rajdhani → Australia ki rajdhani Canberra hai (Sydney sabse bada shehar hai, rajdhani nahi).
Practice (exam-style)
Q5. 5 : 25 :: 7 : ?
💡 Square ka rishta: 5² = 25 → 7² = 49.
Practice (exam-style)
Q6. 2 : 8 :: 4 : ?
💡 Cube ka rishta: 2³ = 8 → 4³ = 64 (16 hota to square hota).
Practice (exam-style)
Q7. AB : CD :: EF : ?
💡 Dono letters +2 → E+2 = G, F+2 = H.
Practice (exam-style)
Q8. ACE : BDF :: MOQ : ?
💡 Har letter +1 → M→N, O→P, Q→R.
Practice (exam-style)
Q9. Thermometer : Temperature :: Barometer : ?
💡 Yantra : jo naapta hai → barometer vayumandaliya dabaav (pressure) naapta hai.
Practice (exam-style)
Q10. Find the odd one out: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango
💡 Teen fal hain, Carrot sabzi hai (zameen ke neeche ugti hai).
Practice (exam-style)
Q11. Find the odd one out: 121, 144, 169, 175
💡 121 = 11², 144 = 12², 169 = 13² — 175 perfect square nahi hai.
Practice (exam-style)
Q12. Find the odd one out: BD, FH, JL, MP
💡 Gap: B–D = 2, F–H = 2, J–L = 2, par M–P = 3 → MP bemel.
Practice (exam-style)
Q13. Find the odd one out: Copper, Iron, Silver, Diamond
💡 Teen dhatu (metal) hain; Diamond carbon ka roop hai — dhatu nahi.
Practice (exam-style)
Q14. Find the odd one out: 13, 17, 19, 21
💡 13, 17, 19 prime hain; 21 = 3 × 7 (composite).
Analogy mein pehla aur aakhri kaam — rishte ko vakya mein likho ("Pen se likhte hain → knife se kaatte hain"). Do option fit lagein to vakya aur specific karo, aur rishte ka order kabhi mat palto (Cow : Calf = bada : bachcha). Number analogy mein pehle square/cube check karo, letter analogy mein letters ko numbers bana lo (Ch 2 wala kaam). Classification mein ulta socho — bemel nahi, teen mein common gun dhundo; numbers ho to prime/square/cube dekho aur letter groups ho to gap nikalo. Ye do soch (vakya aur common-gun) poore chapter ko cover kar leti hain! 🚀